Photo Art from Science

Compare the Helicon Focus and Combine ZM programs for focus stacking images. A brief tutorial of each program.

Convert your raw-format photos into the Adobe DNG format to enable use of old photo editors and also the newest cameras including Nikon Z9.

The Lightroom adjustments that control the light levels are cryptic. See how to fully control 'exposure'.

How to create wide-angle shots with Lightroom or Zoner Photo Studio without using a wide angle lens.

The best way to attach a camera or a lens to tripods, monopods, and gimbals is with an Arca-Swiss mount. Here's everything you need to know.

Detailed analysis of using the Nikkor 500mm PF lens with the Sigma TC-1401 teleconverter. Excellent results, with minor focus challenges.

Detailed review of Nikkor 500mm f/5.6 PF. Includes MTF50 resolution, infrared response, focus speed measurement, Sigma teleconverter use.

How to update Photoshop CS4 to use your new camera's raw files. Don't get stuck with jpeg. Adobe abandoned CS4, but there's still a way.

If you assume that any copies of the same camera lens model perform equally well, you'd be wrong. Learn different ways to compare lenses.

The history and science behind how lens coatings stop reflections. Modern lenses wouldn't exist without these coatings.